Agrochemicals are generally recognized as a significant factor in enhancing the ability to meet Ghana's need for sufficient, safe and affordable food and fiber, however, increased usage have led to environmental deterioration. According to Horna et al. The main source of information on agrochemicals use was media and manuals. Disclaimer, Office: B-300 Saraswati Vihar, Pitampura, New Delhi 110034, Copyright 2021 | Geeken Chemicals India Limited | All Rights Reserved. Effects on Soil. It has been demonstrated from previous studies that residues of both banned and currently used pesticides such as organochlorines and organophosphates, respectively, have been found in terrestrial food and aquatic environments [1315]. Section I: Report on Pesticide Use By SO 1 Partners and on Uganda's Pesticide Regulatory Status Prepared by: Dr. George A. Schaefers, Dr. Robert C. Hedlund, and Dr. Samuel Kyamanywa Prepared for: U.S. Agency for International Development/Uganda April 1999 Environmental Policy and Institutional Strengthening Indefinite Quantity Contract (EPIQ) Seventeen active ingredients: Paraquat dichloride, Glyphosate, Permethrin + pyriproxyfen, Dimethylamine salt, Cypermethrin, Chlorpyrifos . K. A. Asante and J. W. Ntow, Status of environmental contamination in Ghana, the perspective of a research scientist, in Interdisciplinary Studies on Environmental Chemistry-Environmental Research in Asia, Y. Obayashi, T. Isobe, A. Subramanian, S. Suzuki, and S. Tanabe, Eds., pp. 4, No. Additionally, 52.6% of the respondents adhere to the recommended dosage while 47.4% do not. 1, no. The unsafe handling and use of agrochemicals can lead to accumulation of hazardous chemicals in the body, causing adverse effects on health. Effect on Water. uPBa;J[/}wB.ya?w y%+o'mTm,VK *Hg"`LA$)vJX$;KoDOetd4 D;)YO$z,Z8^b>&C'0_O9LP jf Quality here refers to the quantity of maize devoid of chaff and other pests infected grains. In this instance, a higher rate of application has the potency to affect maize output level. B. Mattah et al. The positive relationship was in line with the a priori expectation. The Pesticides Control and Management Act (528) was promulgated in 1996 to regulate proper use of pesticides in Ghana. Agricultural pesticides have made it possible to increase production in crop and livestock enterprises in Africa. The municipality was selected for the study based on the reasons that the municipality comprises several rural communities in which most of the peoples are engaged in crop production as a major occupation. The use of pesticides prevents pest attack and control of weeds which consequently increases output. to help appropriately redress misapplications and chemical residue on fresh food produce. C. K. Bempah and A. K. Donkor, Pesticide residues in fruits at the market level in Accra Metropolis, Ghana, a preliminary study, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, vol. On farms, proper storage facilities and labeling, emergency clean-up equipment and procedures, and safety equipment and . Fungi is a significant problem that has a negative impact on crops. b) Overuse of this may kill bacteria and other organisms that are beneficial to the soil. Rise in population base, increase in . In this study, the level of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use was ordered as shown in (3). S. Omari, Assessing Farmers' knowledge of effects of agrochemical use on human health and the environment: a case study of Akuapem South Municipality, Ghana, International Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering Research, vol. Corporate Office This has led to increasing the use of synthetic agrochemicals instead of the biological, cultural, and mechanical method for boosting production, controlling pest, weed, and disease [3]. Once acomplaintis filed with the Department, a field investigator is assigned the case. Formal Pesticide Misuse Complaints Received & Investigated. Almost all pesticides have the potential to have a significant influence on ecosystems; many are toxic to humans and/or animals, and some concentrate as they rise up the food chain. 13, pp. This result is consistent with Awunyo-Vitor et al. It protects crops from pests, diseases, and pathogens while also increasing yield quality and quantity. 92.7% of the respondents had knowledge about perilous consequence and yet didn't garment recommended protective apparels during application. A 1 percent increase in farm size was found to be associated with a 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent decrease in fertilizer and pesticide use per hectare, respectively. Agricultural Impact Mitigation Agreements, Safety and Health Assistance for Ag Employers, Commercial Pesticide Applicator/ Operator Training and Testing, Private Pesticide Applicator Training and Testing, Licensed Pesticide Operators /Applicators /Dealers Search, Aerial Pesticide Application Questions and Answers, Agrichemical Facilities Containment Program, Containment Requirements for "On-farm" Agrichemicals. Education years were hypothesized to be positively related to maize output. [6] Throughout the 1970s through 1980s, pesticide research continued into producing more selective agrochemicals. The result is consistent with Awunyo-Vitor et al. [7] It is still in the worldwide leading position based on sales of year 2019. Leads to water pollution. Agrochemical use has been increasing in both developing and the developed nations. The use of the mass media has shown to be effective in educating and creating awareness. The sector contributed 22.0% against 28.6% from the industrial sector and 49.5% from the services sector to the GDP of the country [1]. 2020, Elixir Agriculture 138 (2019) 54069-54075. The study assessed farmers knowledge in the use of Agrochemicals given their environmental effects such as on water bodies, occupational hazard and safety, disposal, and storage regarding product use. 35.40%, 32.74%, and 19.47% of respondents disposed of Agrochemical containers using Pit burial, Burn/Incinerate, and Indiscriminate methods, respectively, while 12.39% used ecological (biodegradable) materials. Agrochemicals in water diffuse with larger water bodies to promote the growth of algae - which can cause organisms such as fish to die. 0000003560 00000 n This study assessed factors that affect awareness of health implications of agrochemical use and its effects on maize production in Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana. SAMHSA: Arthur Hughes, Matthew R. Williams, Rachel N. Lipari, and Jonaki Bose; RTI International: Elizabeth A. P. Copello and Larry A. Kroutil. The field investigator then submits a report to the Department for review. Last edited on 11 November 2022, at 11:17, Top six agrochemical firms grew steady in 2013, Agricultural chemicals market value worldwide in 2018 and 2019 with a forecast from 2020 to 2025, "Agricultural Chemical Usage - Chemical Distribution Rate - ID: t722h8817 - USDA Economics, Statistics and Market Information System", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agrochemical&oldid=1121264650, This page was last edited on 11 November 2022, at 11:17. Some label directions specify the maximum wind speed for application. The law regulates the use of agrochemicals so that they are without risk to people, livestock, wildlife and the environment. This is because farmers who own radio and television receive information on safety use of agrochemicals. 1983).Heavy pesticide use countries in Asia include Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines (Cagauan 1995) and China (Wood et al. 35.6%, 51.4%, and 13% of the respondents had low, moderate, and high levels of awareness, respectively, of health implications of agrochemical use. It has a negative relationship with farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemical use. "In recent years, the Chinese government has made . The assertion by Owusu-Boateng and Amuzu [6] that many farmers in Ghana do not have adequate knowledge and information on the health hazards associated with handling and use of pesticides is empirically confirmed by this research. In order to use ordered logit model, the dependent variable was ordered (see Table 2). the hazardous effects of the chemicals and also Government through extension agents should enlighten farmers on the misuse of agrochemical in order to have general acceptability of the farm products at large. Thus, the implementation of the act is not followed of late, hence the urgent need to review the safety precautions in pesticides use [11]. Weed controls are essential for maintaining good crop output. Proper use of pesticides is important since pesticide-drift can harm susceptible vegetation, wildlife and water supplies. J. R. Fianko, A. Donkor, S. T. Lowor, and P. O. Yeboah, Agrochemicals and the Ghanaian environment, a review, Journal of Environmental Protection, vol. Past training and present knowledge: Agrochemical dealers were asked to state what training they had received previously (double entries were accepted. Meanwhile, most rural folks depend on lakes, streams, and rivers as sources of drinking water thereby linking chemical contamination exposures closely with toxicity. There are concerns about the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals with nonadherence of safety precautions of agrochemical use by maize farmers in Ghana (including Ejura-Sekyedumase Municipality). 4,5 Many factors account for this phenomenon, including small farm sizes, which compel farmers to come into direct contact with agrochemicals, and the normalization of agrochemicals by smallholder farmers due to limited knowledge of safety . In most of the cases, agrochemicals refer to pesticides.[3]. In the bid to control maize pests such as stem borers, armyworms, silkworm, and weevils, weeds, and maize diseases such as downy mildew, maize rust, leaf blight, and leaf spot, for improvement in productivity, maize farmers have over the years resorted to the use of agrochemicals. Strong winds blowing pesticides onto surrounding properties result in the largest number of complaints, so care should be taken to apply when winds are light and directed away from sensitive vegetation. Yearly income averaged US$6200/ha and yearly expenses averaged US$1872/ha, with an average cost-benefit ratio of 3.67 for plantain farmers. )$f$Ae2cy5}l9'&kc6Hx>r0~|O?/fn$`BVq#Z[_z_)M2z2~ 8,g5wGl|\qn;i4 &5i Years of education are significant at 1% which agrees with the a priori expectation suggesting a positive effect on the farmers level of awareness of health implications of agrochemicals use. As a result, in many countries, the use of agrochemicals has become highly regulated and government-issued permits for purchase and use of approved agrichemicals may be required. Agrichemical refers to biocides (pesticides including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and nematicides) and synthetic fertilizers. Agrochemical is any chemical that is used in agricultural production to improve productivity and control of pest and diseases [4]. 575582, 2003. About 25% of those who cannot read seek help from others who can read. In this study, the maize output refers to the quantity and quality of maize output. 253260, 2009. A reality many people know exists, but one that is not getting enough attention and awareness. The consequences of continuing to desecrate or beginning to restore water's inner grace are tremendousand will reflect as much on us as . Marriage increases maize output by 231kg (2.31 bags). Keywords: effect, arable crop, farmers, agrochemical use. According to the results obtained, only 26% of the farmers use personal protective clothes and this confirms the findings of Okoffo et al. With strict regulation, the general society will be protected from the harmful effects of pesticides. The misuse of agrochemicals in coffee production is a reality. It was also revealed that 31% of the farmers understand the labels after reading. 86, no. Complaints filed after that will be kept on record, but no administrative action can be taken. dC'/TH$k-N[-GC K"f% )M^;^9H5eH$IkNKOsuV-# cb>c\_Z_~s--f0#,C]{|8 j|,bmfsSENT"DX Click to explore. This implies that when the number of extension visits increases by one unit, maize output will increase by 434kg (4.34 bags) holding other factors constant. The University of Manchester's research has real-world impact beyond academia. Introduction. Without the usage of pesticides and chemical fertilisers, hazardous organisms would continue to thrive and adapt at an accelerated rate, posing a major threat to agricultural produce. B. Dinham, Growing vegetables in developing countries for local urban populations and export markets: problems confronting small-scale producers, Pest Management Science, vol. 2004). Agrochemical products are important agricultural inputs that assist farmers to protect their crops from pests and diseases. The awareness level was significantly explained by education, the number of children in school, ownership of TV/radio, experience in agrochemicals use, and farm size. Site Management 0000006308 00000 n From the results, about 83% of said they wash their hands with soap after agrochemical application. Agro-chemicals database All acquired data on use of agrochemicals was entered into a computerised database established at Kawanda Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), Uganda (Mubiru et al. An increase in the number of children in school by one person leads to a decrease in the probability of a farmer being in the low level of awareness by 0.071 and increases the probability of a farmer being in moderate and higher levels of awareness by 0.053 and 0.018, respectively. . Pesticides are use in agriculture for their capacity to reduce pest and protect foods. Farmers usually apply these hazardous agrochemicals like organochlorines and organophosphate more than the recommended rate or frequency per season. 2, pp. However, labor was found not significantly influencing maize output. d) These increase the toxicity of the soil. Usually, the regulations are carried out through the registration process. The Department's role in pesticide misuse incidents is limited to determining whether a violation has occurred. In most cases, the inspector will interview the complainant and inspect the site. Not read seek help from others who can not read seek help from others who can read water diffuse larger. Help from others who can read the pesticides control and Management Act ( 528 was! Are important agricultural inputs that assist farmers to protect their crops from pests and [. One that is used in agricultural production to improve productivity and control of weeds which increases. 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